Logic Puzzle Solver

Conclusion: -

Understanding Formal Logic

What is Formal Logic?

Formal logic is a systematic study of valid inference and reasoning patterns using formal languages.

Key Components:

  • Propositions: Basic statements that are true or false
  • Logical Operators: AND, OR, NOT, IMPLIES, etc.
  • Truth Tables: Systematic evaluation of logical expressions
  • Logical Equivalences: Different expressions with same truth values

Types of Logic

  • Propositional Logic:
    • Basic true/false statements
    • Boolean operations
    • Truth tables
    • Logical equivalences
  • Predicate Logic:
    • Quantifiers (∀, ∃)
    • Variables and predicates
    • Domain of discourse
    • First-order logic
  • Temporal Logic:
    • Time-dependent statements
    • Modal operators
    • Linear time logic
    • Branching time logic

Advanced Concepts

Normal Forms

Conjunctive Normal Form (CNF)

Disjunctive Normal Form (DNF)

Prenex Normal Form

Proof Systems

Natural Deduction

Resolution

Sequent Calculus

Decision Procedures

SAT Solving

Model Checking

Automated Theorem Proving

Applications

Program Verification

Circuit Design

AI Reasoning

Logical Inference Rules

Basic Rules

Modus Ponens

Modus Tollens

Hypothetical Syllogism

Derived Rules

Disjunctive Syllogism

Resolution

Cut Rule

Equivalences

De Morgan's Laws

Distribution

Double Negation

Quantifier Rules

Universal Instantiation

Existential Generalization

Skolemization